A new study from the PFA has found that nearly one in five pro ballers use snus or nicotine pouches.

Snus is a smokeless tobacco product which is placed on the gum line and releases nicotine into the bloodstream. The effects of snus range from mental readiness to relaxation and has been used as a “coping mechanism” by players, according to medical staff interviewed in the study.

The research was carried out by Loughborough University and The Professional Footballers’ Association (PFA) and is the first time the effects of snus on footballers have been formally studied.

628 male players in the Premier League and EFL were surveyed along with 51 Women’s Super League (WSL) players. 16 pro club performance and medical staff were also interviewed.

The study revealed 18% of male players surveyed and 22% of female players currently use snus or nicotine pouches. Over 50% of male respondents and nearly three-quarters of females reported symptoms of nicotine dependence. More than half of male users said they want to quit compared to just 9% of WSL players.

The report indicates that actual usage numbers are “likely” to be higher because players did not want to reveal their snus usage even anonymously.

Evidence suggests that prolonged use of snus can lead to an increased risk of oesophagus and pancreatic cancer as well as cardiovascular disease.

The majority of men’s players (58%) and women’s players (86%) in the study said they had not received any education on the health impacts of snus. 

Football’s relationship with snus is well-documented and has existed for decades. Even though it’s illegal to sell in the UK, footballers and managers have been seen using tobacco pouches on TV. 

In non-league, the issue is even more prevalent. Football must address its snus problem and educate on the damaging effects of its long-term use before it gets worse.